VIDEO LESSON | How A. Philip Randolph Outplayed Pullman
Discover how A. Philip Randolph led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters to a landmark victory against the Pullman Company.
Discover how A. Philip Randolph led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters to a landmark victory against the Pullman Company.
In the late 19th century Niger Delta, King Jaja of Opobo brought the British Empire to a standstill using the mechanics of international capitalism.
Discover how King Pedro II of Kongo used international canon law in 1622 to defeat a rogue Portuguese invasion and force King Philip IV of Spain to liberate captured Congolese citizens from Brazilian plantations.
Discover how the 1804 Sokoto Jihad fueled a multi-million-dollar inland supply chain and how captured Kanuri scholar Ali Eisami used astronomical cognitive resistance to preserve his identity.
How ancient African kingdoms selectively adopted Mediterranean tools to resist total Romanization and preserve their sovereign identities.