Black Migration, the “Red Summer,” and the “Red Scare” of 1919

Black Migration, the “Red Summer,” and the “Red Scare” of 1919

Black Activism and the Communist and Socialist Parties of the early Twentieth Century by Darius Spearman As new immigrants arrived from Eastern Europe during World War I, many African Americans found value in the insights and philosophies that these new arrivals...
W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington (Round 2)

W.E.B. Du Bois vs. Booker T. Washington (Round 2)

Booker T. Washington vs. W.E.B. Du Bois, Round 2 (Intoduction) Over a series of articles, I’ve explored how Black leaders sought a way forward after the failure of Reconstruction. W.E.B. Du Bois looked toward integration and Civil Rights as a means to achieve...